Oil extracting and refining apparatus.



'E. T. EMCKSON. OIL 'EXTRACTING AND REFINENG APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED AER. :5. ms.

; Patented. (M. 15, 1918.

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IINVENTOR BYGP ATTORNE A T. ERICKSON. OIL EXIRMJTING AND REF INING APPARATUS APPLICATION man APR. 15. 191a.'

Patented Oct. 10, 1918. BISHEETSFSHEET 2.

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. H I KW? munuuuuu uuuuuuuuuuuuuuu INVENTOR ATTORNEY E. T. ERICKSON.

OIL EXTRACTING AND REHNING APPARATUS. APPLICATION man APR. :5, 191a.

1,281,32Q. Patented Oct. 15, 1918.

longitudinally placed, one a in the said retorts l with r. screwed on one end. The UP'IM' the lower three of said pipe: "1 at .1; are (aninected for discharge thror the pzpr. 29. The ends of the six p12" above through the pipe 30. Smiling boxes are shown onthe said pipes l8, ll and 12 to seal the opening around saidpipcs where they pass through-the end wall 22 of said retorts. A. pipeline 35 is provided to introducc air for the gas burners and arr other pipe line 36 is also provided to i utro duce the gas used in the furnaces The operation of my apparatut 1:; as follows The shale is to be first crushed and is then fed into the retortsl. through the pipes 31 suilicient to fill t-hein from the grates upward. Heat is then applied, by burning gas through the burners (3 and from the fire on the grates a, to and on all sides and ends of th etorts to vaporize the oil in the shale. As eaid oil is vaporizei'l it passes oil as gas through. the pipes 10, 11 and 12. The fuel for heat is to be mainly supplied from the byproducts of the plant the gas from uncondensed gas from the rctorts, and the fire on the grates a. from coke, coal or other fuel suitable.

As will. be obvious the greatest heat will be near the base of the retort-s while the heat will diminish gradually upward, and for convenience in describing I will call that portion of the interior of each retort adjacent the lines of pipes- 10 as one heat zone .10, that adjacent the pipes ll. as another heat zone ll. and that adjacent the pipes 12 as heat zone 12'. And utilizing this gradual decline in temperature in the shale as the heat rises I have been able to induce differential distillation in the different zones. First the heat is so regulated and utilized that a decline in temperature from the hottest and highest, zone 1.0 which will be maintained at about 600 rentigrade for destructive distillation. to that of zone 19, Where it will be sufiicient to remove all moisture from the shale in zone 12. This moisture is led off through pipe 34.) for condensw tion if desired. The gas generated in zone 11 will pass off through pipe 28, and by means of valves 27 and 27 partial refining may be made at this point by controlling the as from the different pipes 11, While the eavier oil gases will be passed off through pipe 29, and since the volatile. products are removed in the zones of heat producing them through the pipes in that particular Zone, the use 01'' superheated steam as now practised isunnecessary in my retorts. When I asphaltura ha thi shale in a retort has treated. to remove the oil co: grates o are dumped h tuirniiig fill and the r icd shale or gran lower! to fall into the pit from. u hieh it la 2 dumped into the said pit 0 another char may be lowered and treatment continue: In apparatuses and by provenance heretofore used the volatile product-i fro the heat zones are required to pan: upward through the granulated shale in the shale tower and the heat muet be maintained by superheated steam to properly function hy/partial pro sure, and. more or lees oil condensation takes place in the upper regions or zones of cooler shale While by the present a pparatue the lat eral pipes 10 and 11 do away with the super-- heated steam and loss; by such condensation. and less heat is required. And since the oil gas is removed from the shale at ille actual temperature oi. its lil'm 'ation there will be less destructive distill .v ion of the oil gas as the oil will be removed from the sha e its more natural state and will. not be euoiccte-ii to such higher temperatures as will'cause rhemical decomposition I into gaseous and liquid products, carbon and. other products trodnced through the pipes 8 to produce chemical action on reeidual hydrocarbons and carbon by which the nitrogen is con.

centratcd for the chemical production of am, monia, carbon-monoxid and hydrogen. The gases are conducted through the pipes 528 and 29 to condcnsatiml elements, not shown or claimed as the onset containing the peira in or "From the pipe 29 1n. 9" be easily kept A ie tile oils from tie pip 4 r I thus provide a new and novel process for extracting and partially refined oil from granulated oil hearing shale by the new apparatus shown in the drawings cons; v narrow easily heated re'torts having ,4 apart perforated pipes thereacross to carry the gas from the different heatzones of tho retorts and thereby effect a partialv refining; of the oil to be recovered. by condensing said gas.

Having thusdescribed my invention '1' sire to secure by Letters Patent and clain 1. An apparatus for extracting oil co sisting of a furnaceynarrow metal rat. spaced at the sides and ends fromv the Walt: of said furnace; means to supply heat in.

a part oi the ammratus. where -lroru the highly who all) '- pipes horizontally and longitli said furnace; a plurality of perforated ipes ,spaced apai't in a vertical nall in said retorts and conn in groups y discharge pipes; valve controlled pipes S'Ieading from said means to pass cru ed through said retorts. v

apparatus for extracting oil from shale, consistingof a mace; means to supheat in said furnace; narrow retorts spaced apart and from furnace; a plurality ofperforated spaced apart pipes horizontally lspoqed in a vertical plane in said retorts; discharge pipestd connect said perforated pipes in groups,- and means to pass crushed shale intermittently through said retmts.

oil bearing shale 1 3. An apparatus for extracting oil from. a shale,'consisting of a furnace; means to sup heat in said furnace; narrow retortsspaced apart, and-from'the walls of said furnace; a plurality of perforated s aced apart 7 powd 1n a vertical plane in saidretort's; discharge plpesto connect said perforated plane longituditorts'a't'the top, and grates erforated pipes; and

' ing' oil the walls of saidand longitudinallythe bottom of the retort's; inally disthe bottom of said retorts.

' 4. apparatus for extracting and refinfrom oilaring shale, consisting of a furnace; means @furn-ace; two narrow retorts spaced apart over said heat su ply in said furnace and from the ,walls'of said furnace; a plurality of perforated ipes spaced apart and ho'ri- I zontally and ongitudinallydi in' a vvertical plane in said retorts; discha pipes connecting, said from some of said lperforated pi as; feed pipes Ie'adinginto t stop of sai -retorts; and grates to support and handle said shale while in said retorts and discharge itQfrom 4 In testimony whereof I- hare m signature. I I

- T; ERICKSONQ perforated dpipes in $0 groups; valves to control the ischar' 

